Looking for deals for this holiday season?  Well, Black Friday and Cyber Monday are the days to buy online.

Look for free shipping deals, special limited-time offers and exclusive product bundles.

My new company, kajeet, is joining in.  We've got free shipping running and if you buy a kids cell phone on Thanksgiving or Black Friday, be sure to use promo code "FRIDAY15" at checkout to get 15% off any cell phone.

Check out the selection of LG Rumor phones in Champagne, White, Blue and Green.  With no contracts and unlimited FREE parental controls and just $169.99, the Rumor at kajeet is a great deal.  With 15% off and free shipping, it's the can't miss wireless gift for the kid in your life this holiday season.

Happy Thanksgiving!

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I've written about good customer service in the past, highlighting my excellent experience with L.L. Bean. I've postulated that quality customer service is actually free, because the incremental sales more than make up for "excessive" talk time and refunds/credits granted by your customer service representatives.

Here's a trivially-observed example of what lousy customer service will cost you.  In this example, from Verizon, it's a minimum of $100.

The saga unfolds after the break.

We made the switch to Verizon FiOS in December, after waiting for years.  It's a terrific product, with great HD picture quality, and speedy and stable high-speed Internet access.  The installer was excellent and courteous and made sure everything was working perfectly before he left.

The ability of Verizon to handle an easy premium offer (the infamous HD Free TV offer)?  Not so much.

I've been working email and phone conversations with Verizon since January trying to get my $200 Best Buy gift card, which I selected in lieu of the 19" HDTV.  Since then, I've amassed a string of emails with the Verizon executive escalation team which have gone unanswered since January.

Finally, in frustration, I resorted to The Consumerist's list of Verizon executive contacts and sent an email to Ivan Seidenberg on Friday at 5:30.

Talk about quick reaction!

At Monday at 9:30, I received a call from a very nice young man who was very apologetic and who was clearly empowered to do whatever it took to make me happy.  He indicated that the $100 gift card I received in January was the first part of a win-back offer and that I'd get the other $100 in month 13.

The problem was that I never responded to a win-back offer.  I went for the FiOS triple play/free TV offer.  However, I didn't want to get something I didn't deserve, so I let the young man know that if they just sent me a $100 gift card, I'd consider us even and not to worry about anything else.

Of course, he had no way to give me just what was owed to me ($100 of gift cards) and had to resort to shipping out a $200 card.  I practically had to beg him not to FedEx it to me.

So Verizon will get stuck paying a $100 penalty for bad customer service, and that's not counting the time and effort expended via the forwarding of the complaint email from Mr. Seidenberg down the food chain and the inevitable executive escalation report that will be fed back up the chain at some point.

Now, want to take a guess what I expect in January or February of 2009?  Yep, I suspect the CRM systems of Verizon have been so fouled up by the free TV offer debacle that they'll spit out another $100 card for me.

The worst part of the whole experience actually took place yesterday afternoon.

I received a very uncomfortable call from one of my prior executive escalation contact's supervisor.  The supervisor apologized to me for her employee's lack of follow-up to me, and let me know it would be "handled appropriately" and that the person would be "reprimanded."  Yecch.  It felt like one of those unconfortable visits when your neighbor's kid hits a ball through your window and they come over with the kid's ear in a vise grip and make them apologize.  I couldn't get off the phone quickly enough and couldn't believe that Verizon was treating its employees like this--both the supervisor, who clearly wasn't comfortable making the call, and the employee.

Can you imagine how this employee--who's a grown adult, with a mortgage, family, etc.--must feel? I wonder how far he/she will deviate from the Verizon manual going forward and actually even try to use their brain?

I also wonder what brand of bureaucratic punishment will be exacted.  Banishment from the department bowling team?  Six months of replenishing the floor candy bowl?

All it would have taken was for Verizon to have a system in place that let their employees solve customer problems the first time, even to the extent of spending a little bit of money to address the root cause.  This one resolution must have cost them in total the price of 2 or 3 TVs; multiplied by thousands, it's got to be one of the all-time promotional disasters.

What are you doing that's L.L. Bean-like?  What are you doing that's Verizon-like?  More importantly, what are you doing that's more of the former and less of the latter?

photo credit: Daquella manera

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A recent article in the New York Times got me thinking about the psychology of marketing again, and how some basic principles are used or under-used in social media marketing.

"Warning: Habits May Be Good for You" explores how an anthropologist turned to marketing experts from CPG companies like Procter & Gamble to help increase the incidence of hand-washing with soap after using the toilet in the nation of Ghana to improve the health of children.  Obviously, this was an important effort and I was encouraged to see marketing practitioners as instrumental in helping achieve success in this endeavor.

As I was reading the article, it struck me that many of the techniques used are found in Robert B. Cialdini's classic Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion. I'd lent out my copy a few years ago and, thankfully, had to buy a new version which includes an epilogue written by Dr. Cialdini in 2007.  My re-read then triggered a few thoughts on social media.

If the social media crowd can stop navel-gazing long enough to do some quick research and scientific work, boy will money be made. [More after the jump.]

Dr. Cialdini's research caused him to identify six key weapons of influence:

1. Reciprocation
2. Consistency
3. Social Proof
4. Liking
5. Authority
6. Scarcity

Many of his examples focused on face-to-face selling or just plain interactions with others.  When I first read the book (originally published in 1984) for the first time in 1995 or so, I was struck by the fact that my company at the time was using all six of those principles, but in various offline direct response channels.

We didn't intend to use Cialdini's principles; rather, we evolved into using them through years of scientific univariate tests.

Which of the six principles is most important to a social media startup? From what I can see, it's the concept of Social Proof.  Jason Calacanis becomes a Twitter advocate and, because several of his followers also pick up on Twitter, it soon provides proof to a certain circle that Twitter is a good thing.  Boom, the product takes off.

What's the problem with the concept of Social Proof in growing social media? Try this:  Ask anybody over 40 who's not a regular reader of Alley Insider, Valleywag or Paid Content what Twitter is.  My bet is you get a blank stare two out of three times.

Simply relying on Social Proof can get you pigeonholed within a very select segment of people.  Now, for companies that provide great services to that limited target audience, it can be very good business indeed. (See how Rafat Ali made out with Paid Content.)

The key is how to use the concept of Social Proof to expand beyond that initial, lucrative target audience and become more ubiquitous.

Summary and key takeaways

1. What's "old" is new again. Go back and do your research.  Classics of marketing and psychology are relevant today, just as the concepts they cover were 10,000 years ago.  Plus, with Amazon, it's now cheap to really build your library of information!
2. Consider how humans are hard-wired. When building products, services and delivery methods for those products, think about basic human infrastructure and how you can find the path of least resistance to your ideas.
3. Remember that great psychology can't overcome a bad product. You can certainly fool some of the people some of the time using some of Dr. Cialdini's "click, whirr" discoveries.  But that's still only going to take you so far.  Start with great products.

I'll look at more of Dr. Cialdini's concepts in the future.

In the meantime, how have you applied psychology in your marketing?  Or, when have you seen good (or clumsy) attempts been applied to you?

photo credit: HeffTech

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How can you tell if an offer is good, i.e., is a strong consumer offer that makes money?

The answer is when the organization making the offer continues to use the offer.  The case in point is Chrysler's "Let's Refuel America" $2.99/gallon gasoline offer, which I wrote about recently.

The offer was supposed to expire in early June, but based on early results--including 25% more web traffic and a 34% increase in Internet leads--the promotion has been extended through July 7th.

Apparently Chrysler has re-crunched the numbers and found the financial results worth continuing making what's turned out to be a very strong offer.  This is good news for the car buyer looking for a deal, the dealers who like the floor traffic and is good for Chrysler, as far as "moving the metal" goes.  (Overall, though, Chrysler is still in trouble.)

The takeaway is that Chrysler's promotion has, once again, proven the old direct response maxim: If you want to dramatically increase your response, dramatically increase your offer.

When was the last time you looked at your offer? How might you reallocate your offer cost to create a more exciting offer that's a true consumer benefit?
photo credit: epicharmus

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Guy Kawasaki, who is one of my favorite regular blog reads and speakers, is the author of The Art of the Start, which is a quick and worthwhile read for anybody thinking about starting up their own company.

One of the 10 things you should do, according to his book, is "Make Mantra." I absolutely loved this, because it accurately describes what all truly innovative companies are doing and, more tellingly, what a lot of big companies are not doing.

I think that Papa John's has "Made Mantra" with their focus on making it easy for the customer to order.  They've sold over $1 billion of pizza via their online ordering tools.  According to the CNN article, it's just the start of likely dozens of new ways a Papa John's customer can order.

Now that's a mantra--make it easy to order.

So what are you doing to make it easy for your customer to buy more of your products?  Or more often? Or more efficiently?

Guy Kawasaki talking about "Make Mantra" is below.

photo credit: ronnie44052

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Are you using sampling in your marketing efforts?  Ad Age had a quick article on some of the sampling efforts being undertaken by major marketers this summer.

What's old is new again.  Is it better to hit a prospect with 3 to 5 impressions and tell them about your product or is it better to put the product in their mouth or on their skin and show them how great it is?

If you think about it, the Web 2.0 technique of giving away your entire product dates back to the days of the local shopkeeper.  

Back in the day, the general store owner would give you a taste of what was in the barrel to get you to purchase the product.  Now, digital products and services providers allow you to use virtually all of their services free of charge, with the hope that you'll come back repeatedly and purchase the premium (paid) product or generate pageviews to generate advertising revenue.

Sampling's an old marketing technique, but it's taken hold in Web 2.0 products and, with the advent of more granular tracking tools, is becoming more popular with traditional CPG.

As Winston Churchill once said, "The further back I look, the further forward I can see."  What other "old" marketing techniques can you think of that can be resurrected in your marketing efforts?

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Chrysler's guaranteeing gas for your new vehicle will stay under $2.99/gallon for the next three years.

Talk about a great offer that addresses a couple of problems:

1. Chrysler has too many large vehicles to sell, with lousy gas mileage.
2. Gas at $3.00+/gallon is putting a crimp in the budgets of potential buyers, slowing down overall sales.

Rather than go the traditional route of putting cash on the hood of the trucks, in the form of rebates and/or lower interest rates, Chrysler whipped out the calculator. It doesn't really matter where the "offer cost" goes from a P&L perspective (neglecting any GAAP requirements for the moment), but it does matter from the consumer's psyche.

The glow of a low price on a 12 mpg truck fades pretty quickly when faced with $3 or $5 gas. Now the customer can at least put a cap on how much they'll spend for gas over the next few years and take that worry out of the purchase equation.

Summary and takeaways

1. Think creatively when developing incentives. Don't restrict yourself to the traditional BOGO, "X% off", "FREE X with purchase" offers. The more complex the purchase equation, such as a motor vehicle purchase, the more opportunities you have to create interesting offers.
2. Use your calculator. Once you've got that great idea, make sure you do the math carefully. In the case of Chrysler's offer, it could get expensive if gas rockets to $8/gallon. On the other hand, if it drops to $2, this could be one of the best offers of all time. (Assuming it helps sales.)

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Every once in a while, I get a great email from one of the many companies I do business with online. Today's great email is from ProFlowers and contains both an outstanding offer and some great strategic thinking.

Unbeknownst to me, ProFlowers suffered from some serious downtime yesterday. And with it getting close to Valentine's Day ordering season, that's a huge problem. The good news is that their website is fixed.

The better news is that I'm saving 15% off my wife's Valentine's Day flowers!

I'm a regular customer of ProFlowers and have been for years. The product is good, the pricing is (I assume) good and they make it their business to stay in touch with me with offers relevant to my gift-giving needs.

Today's email featuring the 15% discount was a surprise to me, as I wasn't on the website yesterday. The email also features a "forward to a friend" option that allows me to extend the discount to as many friends as I'd like.

So why is the potential cannibalization of full-price sales a good thing?

After all, ProFlowers should be able to tell that I never hit their site yesterday and wasn't impacted by the outage. And their CRM system should tell them that I'm pretty likely to buy from them anyway.

But this is a good idea for the following reasons:

1. It locks in the sale. I'm getting hit pretty regularly now with offers for Valentine's Day. This gives ProFlowers a chance at ensuring I buy from them (locking in 85% of the revenue) as opposed to 1-800 Flowers or any of the alternatives (yielding 0% of the revenue)
2. Generates word of mouth. Of in this case, word of blog. The email pass-alongs probably won't yield a lot of sales, nor will this blog post. However, at a very low CPA for the sales they generate (it's not $0 if you assign the revenue forgone to new customer acquisition, although I'm not sure how they're allocating the costs.)
3. Increases the size of the prospect database. As part of the process of passing along the email to friends, ProFlowers generates invaluable data that gives them new prospects to market to or, at the very least, adds data elements to the original recipient's data record.

I'm assuming that ProFlowers is running a series of tests on this email as well and is tracking the performance of people who actually were impacted by the outage, different discount amounts, landing page experiences, etc.

Summary and takeaways

1. Don't obsess about cannibalization. Test discounts and offer differences across channels, and don't let your desire to never cannibalize and sell everything for full price get in the way of a good offer. The caveat of course, is you need to do the math before you dream up a potentially revenue-impacting test.
2. Remember that pricing is fully transparent. If you put an offer out there, the world will know and tell their friends. Use transparency to your advantage to drive WOM whenever possible.
3. It's the offer. As the direct response saying goes, "if you want to dramatically improve your response, dramatically improve your offer."

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